Urban-rural land-use mixture is a common phenomenon in the fringe areas of Asian large cities. Although the current spatial planning system in various cities attempts to separate urban from rural land uses, the land-use mixture is expected to have advantages in many phases, particularly in bio-resource utilization. As conducting field surveys in urban and peri-urban areas in Japan, Thailand, China, the Philippines and other countries, I have been investigating hierarchical structure of biomass flows and urban-rural land uses. I have been demonstrating that Asian land-use mixture has high potential for bio-resource utilization, thereby contributing to urban-rural sustainability in Asian city regions.